Genre on t.v:
Sport on the news-news
Question of sports-Quiz shows
Sport Relief-charity
Sport highlight programs
Genre of sports:
Motor racing,football etc.
Code and conventions:
what you would tipsily expect for that genre of sport
-commentator
-Fans
-Audience
-Re-plays
-etc
Narratives:
-players playing at their old club
-who going to win the FA cup
-Underdogs winning
-Scandals
-Heros and villains
-Representation of man in sports
-Nationality serotypes
-Representation of women in sports
Organizations:
ESPN
BBC
ITV
Audience:
different sports have different audience
-Gender
-Time
Why is sports such a big deal?
1. Always a large audience
2. Sports getting ratings
3. Advertising
The advertising generated by slots of major sporting events is massive thousands of pound a second to adverts in them slots.
Sports is seen to produce role models, represents are place in the world.
Sports being nations together.
organizations: Tv channels
BBC channels 1 and 2
sport and PSB(public service board-casting)= 1 and 2,BBC radio
national identity,UK , GB Team GB
Nations- regionals board-casting wales= rugby,scotland
BBC gives us a sense of history and identity
- Live outside broadcast- Wimbledon
- studio based- soccer special
- hybrid-Dancing on ice/funny motd,street strike/soccer AM
- Magazine/talk show/chat show-inside sport
- Quiz show-Question of sport
Outside broadcast:codes and conventions
Constant bird's eye view shot looking down on the players. scores shown against backdrop of the stadium
Multi camera
Cutaways- frequent
Slow motion re-plays
Commentary- non diegetic
- one expert commentator
- one ex-pro
Crowd ambiance
Celebration-close ups
Studio broadcasts:codes and conventions
Title sequence
Tracking shots move presenters
Presenter + ex-pro
Introducing running order<------>shorts+clips
Transitions
Desks/banks of TV screens/mugs (news) connotations of importance
Artificial lighting
Editing cuts/fades/wipes/dissolves/cut to VT
Interview
Sound studio sounds
Wimbeldon clip:
cutaway clips to close-ups of each player, comparing the emotions of each player.The grunts of the players, the cries of the audience, the smacks of the rackets are amplified for immediate effect. close-ups of celebrates, relatives, coaches on the crowed . commentators use metophors to make the match more intense and more exciting.
Formula 1 clip:
The Formula 1 footage
Live Outside broadcast:
- Live action multi camera
- editing cuts/cut aways
- Sound Live audio/ambient
- Replays/ slomos
- studio experts
- touchline interviews
- Intro sequence/ theme music
- Outro sequence - music
Representation in sports
Expected behavior emotions + attitudes for women
Women in sports are represented as being fragile/defenseless/ timid
Only shown in crowd if they not fully clothed
women are also shown as not being very sporty
gossip
appearance
emotional
Domestic-cook/clean
Expected behavior emotions + attitudes for men
Good at sport
Shown as being aggressive
sex/ beer/ greed
lazy
Aspirational
Role models
Meat loving
being called a 'girl" is an insult
Women in sports on TV
Tennis
Formula one- Motor Racing grid- Women at side
Cheer leading
Football
Olympics
gymnastics and Athletics
Boxing- Holding Signs
Commentating
WAGS- In stands- hair/sun glasses
Physics
Only take part in sports that are no contact sport e.g ice skating, diving, dance etc
Representations is not just about the sports they play, it is about how they are shown when they are not playing- they are passive, they are beautiful, they are se objects and they generally happy unlike men that are stereotypically aggressive.
1) Commentators still verbal attributions of strength and weakness for men and women athletes, commentators used a total of 146 descriptors suggesting strength, and 38 descriptors suggesting weakness for men and used 95 descriptors suggesting strength, and a103 descriptors suggesting weakness.
2) Men's sports have more coverage and ha more multi cameras, where women sports are normally just filmed on one camera.
National Identity
An English Footballer- They are seen as aggressive, blunt, violent and injured in some way/ drunk. They are seen as hot headed and not as skillful as the other teams.
An English football fan- Violent, thuggish, signs and anti social chants.
Italian Footballers- Good looking, stylish and prone to cheat.
National ID/ historical and cultural codes
In the advert for the six nations rugby, wales are portrayed by the red dragon on the flag,Knight of saint George represents england, Julius caesar represents Italy, Lion and brave-heart represents scotland, Four leaf clover represents Ireland, France had a fighting cock that represents them.
The London bus was there to represent England at the 2009 ashes as the bus connotes that english people are always in a rush, There was a man roasting shrimp on a barbie, he was laid back just like the playing style of the Australians, there was also a kangaroo which connotes to Australians. The shark is a signifier which connotes that the Australians are wild, dangers and close to nature. Dress codes are an important signifier. the suits the english commentators connotes that we are more formal and we carnet do around like in shorts like the Australia because of are weather.
Ethnicity and Demographics
Black people are portrayed as; confident and effortless, predatory, wild
ORGANIZATIONS
Public service broadcasting:
the PSB refers to broadcasting intended for the public benefit rather than purely commercial concerns. the BBC is the only broadcaster that makes programs for the public, rather than just commercial reasons. The proms, country files, songs of parse . many of the national and international sporting events are still shown on PSB
Targeted advertising = Adverts placed to reach audiences based on demographics (facebook/amazon/ebay) for example ‘people who bought this also bought. 'this type of software is called "phorm' which allows the website to target adverts based on what you've have done in the past.
why is targeted advertising used by Heat magazine and what other websites do they advertise on with contextual advertising? firstly, heat magazine uses targeted advertising, to prosaically making adverts aimed at women. this is because women are the most people that would buy the magazine.
2. What camera angle has been used and how does it position the audience?
3. Framing: How has the individual/object/scenery been framed? (foreground/background/central figure)
4. Long shot/establishing shot/close-up/extreme close-up/ low-angle/high-angle
5. What style of typography has been used and why?
6. How has Lighting been used in the advertisement? Is it high-key or low-key or a mixture of both?
8. What are the main signifiers or symbolic codes what do they connote or symbolise and are stereotypes used in any way?
10. Is there a particular dress code that is apparent in the advert? What does the style of dress connote?
11. Is there a tagline evident on the image? What does the tagline infer?
12. Is there any blurb that accompanies the image? Is this persuasive language? What effect does it have?
They have used a low angle shot to make the star seem more dominate and more powerful than the other women looking at the poster. they have used kate moss as the central figure in the foreground, they have also used a background that looks like a target and her eyes are in the middle, which makes us believe if you have that mascara you will reach your target. thej typography they have used was informal, they also used an embalm of a crown this connotes royalty. they have used high-key lighting to make kate moss's face stand out as her eyes are the main part of the poster, also they have used low-key lighting for they rest of the poster so it doesn't draw your eyes away from the effect the mascara gives your eyes. there is one example of Vladimar's theory as kate moss in the poster is seen as a hero, as most women look up to her and respected her, there is also an example of Todorov's theory as its seen as it an equilibrium, as she all beautiful and pretty ready for a good night out. hiu
